Adsorption and Photo-Fenton Degradation of Methylene Blue Using Nanomagnetite/Potassium Carrageenan Bio-Composite Beads

Abstract The present study deals with the preparation of nanomagnetite (NM), potassium carrageenan (KC), and nanomagnetite/potassium bio-composite beads (NC). Characterization prepared solid materials using different physicochemical techniques such as X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), thermogravimetric (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission microscope (TEM), energy-disperse spectroscopy (EDX), diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer (DRS), swelling ratio (SR%), N 2 adsorption, pH point zero charges (pH PZC ), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Comparing between adsorption photo-Fenton degradation process for methylene blue (MB) on surface materials. Nanomagnetite/potassium (NC) exhibited high specific area (406 m /g), mesoporosity (pore radius, 3.64 nm), charge around pH6.0, occurrence abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. Comparison oxidation was carried out under application conditions. NC maximum capacity 374.50 mg/g at 40 °C after 24 h shaking time while 96.9% MB completely degraded 20 min process. Langmuir's model onto investigated is best-fitted based higher correlation coefficient values (0.9771–0.9999). Kinetic thermodynamic measurements prove that follows PSO, endothermic, spontaneous process, achieves PFO, nonspontaneous, endothermic Photo-Fenton a fast simple technique lower concentration dye (< mg/L) concentration, preferred in removal dye.